The bodies in the middle of the thoracic region are heart-shaped and as broad in the anteroposterior as in the transverse direction. Ventricles, meninges and blood vessels of the brain, Muscles affecting thoracic vertebrae function, skeletal system quizzes and free worksheets, 12 vertebrae connected with intervertebral discs (nucleus pulposus + anulus fibrosus), Spinalis muscle (part of the erector spinae), longissimus muscle, Costal facets: transverse costal facet, superior costal facet, and inferior costal facet. The vertebrae are separated by intervertebral discs of fibrocartilage, which are flexible cartilage discs located between the bodies of two adjacent vertebrae that allow movement in the spine and have a shock absorbing or cushioning function as well. Superior and lateral view of the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. Superior articular processes are thin plates of bone, which project upward from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae, with facets that are nearly flat and directed backward, lateralward, and upward. Similarly, ribs 11 and 12 articulate with the bodies of T11 and T12, but since the ribs do not have tubercles they also cannot attach to the non-existent transverse costal facets of T11 and T12. Sponsored by: Medical Malpractice, Product Liability & Consumer Justice Law Firm Pintas & Mullins. Unlike other areas of the spinal column, the 12 thoracic vertebrae connect to the rib cage. The zygapophyseal joints are tight enough to protect vital organs but loose enough to allow for respiratory movements as well as to allow the thoracic segment to have the greatest freedom of rotation of the entire spine. Two muscles also interact with those twelve vertebrae, these being the spinalis and longissimus. The intervertebral discs are situated between each vertebrae and provide a cushion to pad the joints. Inside the annulus fibrosus is the gel-like nucleus pulposus that acts as a soft shock absorber to prevent collisions between the vertebrae. • These are made of fibrous connective tissues, and they hold the vertebrae in place while allowing some minor motion. In human, thoracic vertebrae consists of 12 bones. Copyright © Each vertebra therefore has a pair of superior articular facets that face posteriorly and a pair of inferior articulating facets that face anteriorly (except for T12). 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Function Each thoracic nerve root exits the spinal canal through an intervertebral foramen (formed by two adjacent vertebrae, and its size and shape can slightly shift as the vertebrae move). The fifth thoracic vertebra, together with the fourth, is at the same level as the sternal angle. Two pairs of articular processes extend superiorly and inferiorly toward the neighboring vertebrae, in order to help stabilize the spine and connect the thoracic vertebrae to one another and to the C7 and L1 vertebrae. T1 is at the top of this section and is roughly even with your top rib. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. The first and ninth through twelfth vertebrae contain certain peculiarities, and are detailed below. In humans, it further transmits body weight in walking and standing. There are 12 thoracic spinal nerve root pairs (two at each thoracic vertebral level), starting at vertebral level T1-T2 and going down to T12-L1. July 05, 2014. Now please check your email to confirm your subscription. Between each vertebral body is an intervertebral disc. 2020 The twelve thoracic vertebrae are strong bones that are located in the middle of the vertebral column, sandwhiched between the cervical ones above and the lumbar vertebrae below. They contain ovoid surfaces known as facets on the transverse processes that allow the heads of the ribs to articulate on either side of the body. The thoracic spinal nerve 12 (T12) passes out underneath it. The xiphoid process of the sternum is located at the level of T9. The T1 vertebra is the smallest and closely resembles the cervical vertebrae, while the T12 vertebra is the largest and most similar to the lumbar vertebrae. By preventing inflammation, the patient may be able to retain more motor and sensory function. The major function of the vertebral column is to protect the spinal cord; it also is an attachment for many muscles. Articulated view of the spinal nerves passing through the intervertebral foramen.

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