It was officially an elective position, though at times it ran in families, notably the four generations of the Salian dynasty in the 11th century. Electorate of Hanover was added as a ninth elector in 1692. In total there were 178 emperors. Part of the confusion might come from the fact that many emperors would style themselves after Caesar and after Augustus; Trajan, for example, was officially Imperator Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus. The Senate was made up of esteemed members of the public. Elections meant the kingship of Germany was only partially hereditary, unlike the kingship of France, although sovereignty frequently remained in a dynasty until there were no more male successors. Citizenship was inherited from parents, or was offered to people by the government. It’s almost as if the nature of those emperors caused their short life, A full 51% died unnaturally, and when we include the ‘unclear’ it becomes 73%. Why don't libraries smell like bookstores? Roman Empire Question: How many emperors of Rome were there and was there ever a female emperor? Lastly, there were the assemblies. 5th century (West) Byzantine Empire. There were 81 of the west and 97 of the east.There are many more than 7 Roman emperors. Infoplease knows the value of having sources you can trust. The Holy Roman Empire never had an empress regnant, though women such as Theophanu and Maria Theresa exerted strong influence. This list includes all 47 German monarchs crowned from Charlemagne until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire (800–1806). While this article is about the Roman period, there are many other interesting empires one can research—Egyptians, Mauryans, Macedonians, Assyrians, Chinese—and so on. During this time the Senate was made pretty much irrelevant, and equestrian military families were promoted in their place. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree. How long did they often rule? 'Roman-German emperor'), was the supreme head of state and ruler of the Holy Roman Empire. When Charlemagne was crowned in 800, he was styled as "most serene Augustus, crowned by God, great and pacific emperor, governing the Roman Empire," thus constituting the elements of "Holy" and "Roman" in the imperial title.[9]. There are many more than 7 Roman emperors. All Rights Reserved. It’s a fascinating world! As the power of the papacy grew during the Middle Ages, popes and emperors came into conflict over church administration. There were no official female rulers in the Western Roman Services, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. I think it’s because unless they became rulers quite young (like Augustus), they ran against old age, and with the absence of medical technology that we have today, they seem to have run up against mother nature if they didn’t get murdered as they got old and/or senile, Nero wasn’t a great ruler, so imagine living 14 years under him. For… The final Holy Roman Emperor-elect, Francis II, abdicated in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars that saw the Empire's final dissolution. Maximilian's successors adopted the same titulature, usually when they became the sole ruler of the Holy Roman Empire. The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman Empire during the imperial period (starting in 27 BC). Charles V was the last to be crowned by the Pope in 1530. Roman Empire Question: How many emperors of Rome were there and was there ever a female emperor? The span of Ancient Roman history saw some of the ancient world's most important (and bizarre) characters. The source for much of the data is https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors — so the responsibility of the choice of source and any inaccuracies is mine, There are always exceptions — some emperors ruled jointly, the period of some is unclear, how some died is unknown, and I’ve rounded their rule to the nearest year — so those who were in power for 3 months would be 0, We start with Augustus Caesar as the first Roman emperor starting in 27 BC. Free Games about Ancient Rome . Learn more about the mythic conflict between the Argives and the Trojans. That was, of course, a lie. At best, consuls could be promoted to important administrative roles. An interest observation is the “period of good emperors” from the beginning of Trajan. In 797, the Eastern Emperor Constantine VI was deposed and replaced as monarch by his mother, Irene. 'King of the Germans') throughout the 12th to 18th centuries.[2]. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. We've got you covered with our map collection. [4] The English term "Holy Roman Emperor" is a modern shorthand for "emperor of the Holy Roman Empire" not corresponding to the historical style or title, i.e., the adjective "holy" is not intended as modifying "emperor"; the English term "Holy Roman Emperor" gained currency in the interbellum period (the 1920s to 1930s); formerly the title had also been rendered "German-Roman emperor" in English.[1]. Emperors considered themselves responsible to the gods for the spiritual health of their subjects, and after Constantine they had a duty to help the Church define orthodoxy and maintain orthodoxy. In total there were 178 emperors. A letter of Pope Urban IV (1263), in the context of the disputed vote of 1256 and the subsequent the interregnum, suggests that by "immemorial custom", seven princes had the right to elect the King and future Emperor. 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